Paul Landers Guitar Gear and Electronics

His guitar tonal sound source, how live equipment changed, and what available evidence confirms.

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Quick guide to Paul Landers' guitar gear

Paul doesn't prefer/use amps in a majority of cases. He prefers a consistent reduced signal-chain minimalist approach across decades, specifies a preference for transistor circuits, and relies upon direct / emulation based devices. He prefers Tech 21's GT2 the most of any device. He's known to use a PSA-1 on a rack mount from the 90s to the mid-00s. For a time in the 2010s, he used Fractal Axe FX emulation live. Paul suggests in interviews his sound is: direct, transistor, aggressive, quick/fast, thinner, controlled, and emphasizes his unique approach to the instrument.

Guitar model info

Paul Landers promo photo with his Signature Les Paul guitar
His Les Paul style guitars, ESP, and Music Man models are covered separately.
  • Use a Gibson Les Paul, bridge pickup emphasis, and EMG 81. He has a EMG 60 neck pickup attached, but not the focus.

→ See the guitar guide

Short answer: Tech 21 SansAmp

Tech 21 SansAmp PSA-1 rack unit

The most consistent piece across the years is Paul's use of Tech 21 SansAmp amp simulation devices. Especially the GT2 and PSA-1. The main selected amp voicing is California.

  • Documented in: 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2022

→ Jump to SansAmp evidence/sources

Modern rack

Paul Landers' Not-Main (emergency signal) rack with a Tech 21 SansAmp GT2 backup unit displayed

2016-2017 photo that you may find online points toward a "high end emulation device" as the main live system identified with the Fractal Axe FX labeled here as "AXE". With the GT2 kept as a backup ("not-main").

→ Jump to Axe/GT2 notes

Live rig photo archive

1996-1999 rack: PSA-1

Paul Landers with the 1996 Bizarre Festival rack beside the stage

SansAmp PSA-1, Mesa poweramp; plus other rack hardware.

Read identification notes

Every version is unattributed or sourced. The earliest I found was July 2002 (link now broken) but echoes in 2004. This is unsourced fandom playing telephone. Partially it's guitar buzzword salad. Anyone looking would be confused what is going on anymore due to Mesa redundancy between Strategy and 2:90 and how Behringer was conflated with SPL. (The fact guitarists on forums copy/pasting failed to realize these are two brands...)

After staring into the forum abyss, I realized the list originates from a 1996 Bizarre Festival screenshot during Seemann. The forum list is close to mimicking top to bottom of the screenshot. Part of this list originates from the Live aus Berlin Fancontest feature from the DVD, but that only gives us PSA-1 and Strategy 500. This does suggest that the 1996 list continued on until at least 1999.

Screenshot from 1996 Bizarre Festival during Seemann showing Paul Landers' rack in the background
A rack visible beside the stage during the August 1996 Bizarre Festival broadcast.

As for the SPL Optimizer's oddity, it's usually found in studios. He wants his aggressive midrange, specific frequency ranges, shaped sound body, to cut that bass mud, and you're not going to stop him. This box is SO Paul-coded it had me laughing.

Guitar equipment list: 1996-1999
Object Purpose
Korg ToneWorks DTR-2 Preset tuner.
Shure UHF MARCAD Diversity The wireless receiver.
SPL Optimizer Detailed EQ shaping and precise tonal corrections. It's a parametric equalizer so it provides deliberate frequency control the early PSA-1 lacks.
Behringer Intelligate XR2000 Noise control. A gate reduces hiss/noise when a guitarist is not playing. This is especially useful in tight rhythms and palm mute heavy songs.
SansAmp PSA-1 Preamp and principal tone creation. Reproducible distortion and amp character he wants.
Mesa/Boogie Strategy 500 Stereo A power amplifier stage. Powerful, high end.
Suggested rig philosophy
Object Intent
SansAmp PSA-1 Construct the distortion and simulated amp identity's principal tone.
SPL Optimizer Decide precisely where the frequencies, weight, cut, and attack live.
Mesa/Boogie Strategy 500 Stereo Make that constructed signal physically enormous without immediately softening or smearing it. May be selected partly for speed and cabinet driving authority.

2001-2002's CAE RS-10 MIDI Controller

Labeled 2001 photograph of a CAE RS-10 MIDI foot controller

Floor controller documented in performances; downstream routing unconfirmed.

Read my stage observations

During parts various Mutter tour footage, Paul appears to use a footswitch on the floor. His behavior suggests a latching footswitch object. He presses it during select sections, then steps off or away. Then again to turn off. With the guitar tone seeming to become more distorted when pressed on than off. (Reminder: it's 2001 era bootleg audio condition.) One rare 2001 image revealed enough of the box to identify its maker and probable purpose: Custom Audio Electronics RS-10 MIDI Foot Controller.

Paul Landers on stage in 2001 Mutter tourPSA-1 manual showing MIDI controller instructions

Possible uses with a PSA-1 in effect would be: alternate PSA-1 preset, an effect/rack loop inserted, alternate preamp/amp route, or a combination of several changes stored under one CAE switch. My strongest belief is alternate PSA-1 preset, but nobody could truly know without being him or his audio tech. The PSA-1 is designed to do exactly this.

Examples from 2002 Russia bootleg I chose for daylight conditions. You can also see this in 2001 San Francisco and New York bootleg footage.

This is very apparent in both Zwitter and Halleluja.

I noted its usage within available camera shots:

  • solo start of Adios
  • choruses of Mutter
  • Halleluja
  • Zwitter (major visible foot presses 36:26)
  • Bück dich (press + very audible change)
  • Engel (select parts)
  • Start of Sonne, techs move a black rectangle from Paul's foot pressing area.

2004-2005 Ahoi tour rack: PSA-1

Backstage rack photographed from the 2004–2005 Reise Reise tour

PSA-1 with wireless and routing hardware.

Read the equipment breakdown

A backstage photo on Paul and Olli's side with visible bass and guitars was published during the tour. Although the image is 329 pixels, I was able to identify the rack's contents. However, this list may be incomplete as the left most side of the stage is cut off and may very well house another rack for all I know. The most important thing we should learn? Tech 21 PSA-1 = used in Reise, Reise tour is fully, visually confirmed.

Guitar equipment list: 2004-2005
Object Purpose
Furman Pl-Plus E Power Conditioner and Light Module Supplies power to the rack.
Whirlwind Multi-Selector Routing device.
TC Electronic G-Force Delays, modulation, pitch, reverb, EQ or other song specific effects.
Unknown unit The design of that many knobs complexity suggests being related to an audio processor, possibly dynamics / noise gate or switching equipment. The type of devices akin to Behringer. It's not yet identified.
Three stacks Shure UHF MARCAD Diversity The wireless receivers.
SansAmp PSA-1 Preamp and principal tone creation. Reproducible distortion and amp character he wants.
Custom Audio Electronics 2x4 Audio Controller Routing device.

Missing from view: poweramp or any other further paths or tonal choices. This is why if you know the origin/source of the "Mesa Simulclass 2:90" poweramp, for the love of god - contact me. Ahoi does not look like a clean break from Paul's old rack philosophy - but instead wrapped in professional arena infrastructure. The TC Electronic G-Force suggests tonally shaping the PSA-1 past its default selections are necessary. The stack of Shure are for numerous channels for different guitars. It's likely because either he shares those with Olli, or has real E/D tuned backups nearby to account for.

2011-2013 Made in Germany: Fractal Axe-Fx II

October 2011 Rammstein concert rehearsal rack with two apparent Fractal Axe-Fx II units

A split Paul and Olli rig photo.

Read what was identifiable

This image is from October 2011 on the R+ website about prepping for the Made in Germany tour. The racks are actually a split of Paul (left) and Olli's gear (right). Olli's shows obviously Glockenklang boxes associated with him. It visibly shows two Fractal Axe-Fx II units stacked upon one another on Paul's side. One is likely the fail-safe backup unit.

Unfortunately, most is simply impossible to decipher at this time. I will continue to attempt to match the racks and if I solve more, I'll edit this page.

From what I see thus far, there's a power conditioner unit on the very top based on design. It's strongly reminiscent of the ART SPA4x4 Pro Power Distribution System because of the layout and red LED. Then the two Fractal Axe units. Below is the same 'unknown unit' found in the 2004-2005 rack. It has the knob systems found on audio processors. Then there's two more unknown units below that. (They keep me up at night, you can be sure I'm after identities.) Then two stacks of Shure MARCAD Diversity receivers again. And a gap for a tiny silver box of intrigue. (Also keeps me up.)

Lastly is something identifiable: power amplifiers! (Yay~) The four stacks with blue light lens flare (the blue was the biggest hint) are ART SLA-1 or SLA-2 units. They both look similar on the outside without seeing the text, so I cannot determine which model without better resolution.

A chart of what I could discern and their gaps at this time.

Guitar equipment list: 2011-2013
Object Identity confidence Purpose
ART SPA4x4 Pro Power Distribution System Medium Supplies and assists controlling power to the rack.
Two Fractal Axe-Fx II Very high Preamp and principal tone creation and amp character he wants. Including a backup unit. This is a fully digital device.
Unknown unit #1 Low The design of that many knobs complexity suggests being related to an audio processor, possibly dynamics / noise gate or switching equipment. Identical to the one from Ahoi tour.
Unknown unit #2 Very low Completely unknown.
Unknown unit #3 Very low Completely unknown.
Two stacks Shure UHF MARCAD Diversity Very high The wireless receivers.
Small unknown unit Very low Completely unknown.
Four ART SLA-1 or SLA-2 power amplifiers High Supply relatively clean amplification to the speakers. Four ART amplifiers could provide multiple independently powered speaker channels, or a combination of active paths and backups.

2016-2017: Fractal Axe-Fx II / GT2 "Not-Main"

2016–2017 emergency SansAmp GT2 rack drawer with labeled connections

A backup GT2 arrangement, alongside Fractal artist documentation and hindsight interviews.

Read translated labels and interview snippets

This isn't the English word "Not"; it's German for backup/emergency. All of these labels have to be interpreted with this context. (Funnily, you can Denglish anyway by pretending "not main" means "not the main" = backup.) This photograph was used in Tech 21 promotional articles because it provides context for the emulation story.

Paul: "For a while, I did use a digital emulator live, but when it broke and I switched the GT2 back on, it was like all the lights came on like salvation."

Labeled Not-Main rack diagram showing the SansAmp GT2 backup setup and translated labels
It says "emergency - plug in behind Axe Main to adapter" as the main text on the left side.

The elephant in the room is, I haven't explained what "Axe Main" is. During the Tech 21 promotions, they were being polite to not name the product. They showed this photo indicating the GT2 was the backup system for any further failures.

"Just prior to serious discussions on the development, Rammstein were in rehearsals for their 2017 tour. Paul initially opted for, dare we say, a very high-end digital emulator/effects processor. When it unexpectedly went down, he grabbed his trusty SansAmp GT2. It was unanimously agreed by the crew, sound engineers, fellow band members, and Paul himself, the GT2 had more “air” and liveliness. This marked the initial design foundation for Paul’s Signature Fly Rig."

I know what this mysterious high-end thing was! Paul's personal use of a Fractal Axe FX unit is confirmed via the official Fractal website's artist list, and was put on the Fractal website in September 2017 at the earliest. It remains so to this date.

Screenshot of the Fractal Audios artist endorsement page showing Paul Landers

Because he doesn't want to comment (truly, I don't know what I expected except "it turns on and works") - I noted his commentary using one and programming menus himself.

Paul: "I've poked around on the Axe FX and edited the parameters, but fiddling around in menus like that just isn't enjoyable for me."

The photo identifies a Fractal Axe FX as his main digital processor during the 2016-2017 festivals tour. These cable labels, the Palmer Ybox splitter, and instructions indicate this is a backup rerouting signal rack drawer photo to the Axe FX and not the "main rack setup". The identity of the Fractal unit is confirmed to be the Axe-Fx II, as shown by the 2011 photo from the Made in Germany tour. This was confirmed again indirectly in the November 2018 issue of Guitar Part where he answers a question pertaining using the Axe-Fx II unit.

As for why he would opt for a high end digital emulation device, he likes directly repeatable and consistent output without fickleness. Fractal Axe and Kemper Profiler do that well. The gained popularity of such devices is notable in guitar press. His clarified reasons for supposedly shifting away from the device; simply put once everyone is doing it - Paul wants the opposite. He did like the sound produced by a modeler. What he did not like was conformity and fiddling with menus.

His sentiments about the Fractal device:

  • navigating in menu layers instead of immediate hands on controls wasn't fun
  • waiting for equipment to boot up when it should simply turn on like a lamp
  • not feeling distinct in a crowd by using it

Paul: "I'm not the only one playing with a direct signal anymore. The Axe FX and Kemper Profiler now have their fans. I'm happy there's so many of us now. I was on that simulation side for a while too [2011]. But everyone who plays without an amp does that now, and so I really gotta go somewhere else again. That's why I'm glad to be back on the side of the analog Tech 21 SansAmp."

Core devices & their history

SansAmp PSA-1, GT2, & amp simulation

Tech 21 logo

The most widely famous piece of Paul equipment ever. Unfortunately, materials don't explain how he discovered this brand. However, based on my research, it had to be just before or around 1994 in some way. He has the PSA-1 rack mount while on stage in 1994. This matches future descriptions from Paul and Andrew Barta about a rack mount in use.

Tech 21 SansAmp PSA-1 rack unit visible in 1994 Rammstein footage Comparison image of a Tech 21 SansAmp PSA-1 rack unit
The rack mount unit based on its silver faceplate, row of front panel controls, and red LED display.

Early SansAmp PSA-1 sources

From here, two late 1990s sources confirm usage. Followed by Andrew directly identifying an early rack unit as the programmable PSA-1.

Question: Which equipment do you use?

Paul: "Logic, AKAI, ESP, Musicman, Mesa Boogie, Protools, MAC-Computer, SANSAMP, [Ensoniq]"

Both guitarists summon their ominous, crunchy tones live and in the studio by plugging Mesa Boogie and SansAmp preamps direct into the mixing board.

Paul: "The SansAmp PSA-1 preamp opened up a whole new world for me because it let me play direct, the way many musicians now do with digital emulators. The PSA-1 sounds nasty, a little mean, but above all very distinctive and that's the most important thing to me. I like that general quirkiness in Tech 21 gear."

When Tech 21 founder and inventor Andrew Barta attended a concert by pyrotechnic industrial metal band Rammstein 20 years ago in New York, he was blown away. [...] But he also was thrilled to discover that guitarist Paul Landers was using Barta’s Tech 21 gear — the programmable PSA SansAmp rack mount. In later years, Landers also used the SansAmp GT2, a proven workhorse pedal that lay the foundation for the company’s popular line of Fly Rigs.

Paul Landers holding a Tech 21 PL1 Fly Rig in his home studio space with various audio gear nearby on shelving
His home studio with a PSA-1 rack mount visible on the left with various recording hardware.

Later GT2 confirmations

In 2008, he brings up the SansAmp. All Tech 21 materials suggest he using the GT2 though "later" which would have to be somewhere during this era. From the out of focus LIFAD making footage, you can see a visible GT2 pedal on the table that he's plugged into and looking at.

Screenshot of Paul Landers in the Liebe ist für alle da studio room looking at a Tech 21 GT2 pedal on a desk

Paul: "For the Rammstein guitar sound, it has always been a Rectifier with Richard playing ESP guitars, while I used to play Music Man with a SansAmp. And now I play a Gibson Les Paul because my name is Paul too, and I liked that."

Source: 2008 Native Instruments Guitar Rig 3
A video discussing using Guitar Rig 3 software during LIFAD's making.

The GT2 has been repeatedly referenced in Tech 21 materials as his main sound source. They emphasized that putting the GT2's capabilities and building onto it further for the PL1 was an important process.

Paul: "For years, I had the PSA1 and then over the last few years I've been using the SansAmp GT2."

To create the PL1, Landers sent Barta all the settings he used on his SansAmp GT2 and the designer built a pedal that was lightweight and simple to use.

“Basically, the distortion is the most important part of this pedal,” Barta says. “That’s the core — a real heavy metal crunch. We got that.”

Paul: "Eventually I landed on Tech 21's GT2, where there's one specific sound I particularly like and have stuck with for years."

Paul: "When the guys [at Tech 21] asked me if I wanted to have my own pedal it was exciting for me to say yes because I am playing SansAmp all the time anyway."

Tech 21's PL1 Signature Fly Rig

From the long Tech 21 related affinity, grew a potential collaborative project. This product strongly leaned into his strengths and understanding of working with Tech 21 devices. That being his preferred SansAmp distortion and numerous preferences for fast, direct control with guitar signal-chain chaff cut out.

Tech 21 promotional advert video.

First suggested by Stefan Kühn of Sound Service to Paul in early 2016 or in 2015 according to Stefan , he helped connect him to Tech 21 to propose ideas for a signature pedal. Paul credits Stefan strongly with helping this project come along during the making and prototyping stage regarding communicating his vision's correct terminology to avoid miscommunicating. The sound basis of the pedal's distortion was allegedly shifted to the GT2's base as emphasized in marketing. Paul, however, maintained at the start (according to Stefan), that he did not want to simply recreate the GT2, but instead improve upon it.

The PL1 deeply expanded to include many added functions he wanted regarding EQ, mids, bass, and other compression and shaping tools that the GT2 doesn't have. Including the addition of his preferred clean from the Roland Jazz Chorus. According to interviews, Andrew Barta developed a substantially new circuit architecture around that target without reusing the GT2 outright. In that regard, the PL1 is standalone and seems to go against the marketing team's GT2 push in other materials whenever you get direct statements.

A rough estimate of prototypes was about 9 to 11, with the most common number being 7, and it was tested live several times in 2017. This is shown in live concert, where Paul visibly has changed his Gibson's pickups to accommodate testing with passive H1/H2 EMGs.

The marketing to this device is very confused and underselling what it does. There's numerous options here you can't have on any base GT2; including options that make no sense for merely a 'traveling leisure pedal' advertised. Inside it's armed to the teeth ready to fight the guitar's live band mix on a moment's notice and win. Not exactly what you need sitting at the hotel on the beach front, you know. Yeah, we hit tap tempo while sipping a margarita on vacation. (No, that's sarcasm.)

Tech 21 Fly Rig PL1 advert from a magazine
Tech 21 advert from a 2019 magazine.

I would describe the PL1, in my opinion, as a pedal that focuses on replicating Paul's entire working environment and SansAmp technology he loves to use but has all of the portability that makes it versatile like a Fly Rig as a bonus feature and why he would choose that presentation visually. In that you can end the show or workshopping in a group, and reuse it in your hotel or home studio by yourself not needing separate equipment or changing a bunch of settings. When you frame the PL1 that way, it finally causes the promotional quote to make sense instead of disconnected marketing.

Paul: "With the PL1, I have everything I need in my pocket. Home, hotel, rehearsal, studio, concert - I just plug my guitar in and here we go. Although it is so tiny, I can dial in all the sounds I need for my band. You won't believe the flexibility of this small thing. I love the fact that I have an analog path that is not a digital animation. It is real! And what I love most is I can plug it straight into the mixer or computer! No amp needed for the best distortion sound I know of."

Tech 21 production warehouse showcasing a stack of completed Paul Landers' PL1 Fly Rig units to be packaged for sale.
From Tech 21's production warehouse.

Paul: "I built this pedal so I could have it covering all the songs I have to play with Rammstein. For example, there are some with guitars in the verses at a lower level - so I built a negative boost to get my guitars sounding quieter. Then there's the punch option, which adds more mids if I want to play lead."

Paul: "That's no longer the case with the PL1, which works perfectly well in a full band mix without problems. Usable tones tend to have more mids, which also moves the sound a little closer to GT2-ish again."

He legitimately wanted Rammstein songs to be playable. That's a big reason why the live mix tests and making sure it can work with the band, without overpowering them, mattered to his prototypes. This pedal needed to not only replicate his sound and vision with these upgrades for working and travel, but also sound like him within Rammstein functionally. However, Paul is a huge "no genre" and "it has to be unique" guy. He catered his pedal to do functions for many genres and things he doesn't personally prefer or play. He seemed rather proud of this aspect, but reviewers were too focused on the metal guitarist element to bother. Paul really isn't a 'selfish' guitarist - he thinks about uniqueness, range, and full band mixes; the PL1 reflects it.

Paul: "You can pretty much dial in any sound you want. You can play blues, rock — it’s not just for metalheads. It’s a versatile piece."

Paul: "By the way, thanks to the active EQ the PL1 can be used for all styles of music. Including surf tones, blues rock, or whatever else."

Paul: "Yes, there's such a wide range of sounds within this pedal, mainly because I like variety. You can go really hard and heavy or dial in a tone more like a surf guitar - that's the clever thing: this product isn't just focused on our style of music. I like the idea of someone being able to dial in anything they want... you can't really do that with regular analogue pedals, for example."

Was the PL1 used live?

This isn't fully known information. It was live tested and used within 2017 during several prototype stages, but there is no known evidence of being used in any later Rammstein Stadium tour rig and is not clearly documented. Paul explicitly said it was not created in mind with replacing an entire live rack, but it does have live mix features that are viable for a full band mix and a sound engineer would appreciate being there. If any evidence of its usage shows up someday, I'd be the first to make a note.

See also: → GT2 vs PL1 segment

Other amps & equipment references

Guitar Rig's 'Ultrasonic'

Inside that 2008 Native Instruments interview, he also revealed this. This is my fuller translation and not the summarized subtitles.

Paul Landers interview for Native Instruments 2008 Guitar Rig 3 software

Paul: "I tried to combine the SansAmp and tube amp here. But I didn't use the Rectifier that's in there because I thought the Ultrasonic sounds even better somehow. And I liked it so much in Guitar Rig, I immediately bought the real thing for live performances because it sounds kinda right."

Source: 2008 Native Instruments Guitar Rig 3 video

If you didn't know Guitar Rig software are based on real equipment and uses quirky referential nicknames, now you do. (They call SansAmp as 'TransAmp'.) What is an Ultrasonic? Bogner Uberschall, because Uberschall means Supersonic to "Ultrasonic" = U and S = Uber-Schall. He was so serious, he brought it up again a year later when asked.

Paul: "It's interesting; through the work with Guitar Rig, I got turned on to the hardware that was modeled in the software, and I returned to using the hardware. In a way, it became more traditional as a result, and I've been using more and more old-fashioned hardware."

It is NOT clear whether he ended up using for live performances. Bogner is not listed in In Amerika's company credits. Tech 21 is there, however. That doesn't prove he didn't use it either. I'm merely stating that he said this in summer 2008. A whopping year and a half before LIFAD touring when things aren't concrete decided, and there has been no further indications of use.

Unknown Bogner

In rare footage released of Mutter era production, Paul is seen in 2001 MTV Masters nearby and plugged into a Bogner labeled device. It is unclear from such video quality. However, based on what little is visible I suggest Bogner Ecstasy looking.

Screenshot of guitar rack equipment in 2001 MTV Masters footageScreenshot of Paul Landers during the production of Mutter album from MTV Masters
A secretive Bogner is placed beside him during production.

The video quality is not clear enough to confirm the exact model or genuine proof of his ownership. Could be studio rental, after all.

Keine Lust's Engl Powerball

Speaking of high gain amps, here's a reference that sent me spiraling. So much so, I'm citing the raw German.

Fan: What’s the price of the engl Powerball (Amplifier) you play in "Keine Lust"? (was bezahlt man für einen engl powerball den du in keine lust spielst?)

Paul: I haven’t paid the Engl Powerball. By the way, very well observed. (Engl Powerball wurde ich nicht bezahlt. Übrigens: sehr gut beobachtet.)

I feel like this fanchat quote is like staring into the German language abyss. Do you think Paul purposefully invents sentences to mess with me specifically? What's a king to a god? Für den Engl Powerball musste ich nichts bezahlen? What's god to a non-believer? Für den Engl Powerball wurde ich nicht bezahlt? The fan translation makes no sense either.

Screenshot of Paul Landers in the Keine Lust music video with visible Engl amp behind him
The Keine Lust reference in question.

Fan: What was the price (they) paid (you) for the Engl Powerball you play in Keine Lust?
Paul: (The) Engl Powerball I wasn't paid (for). By the way: very good observation.

He has time to create Übrigens but no time to write würde; I love him so much. I felt confused if the fan is asking: "how much did you pay for the amp?" or "how much were you paid to use the amp?" (That was my joke earlier.) Paul says, "I wasn't paid". Meaning, "I wasn't compensated". He was assuming he was asked about an endorsement so he reads bezahlt as significant. (I'll have to trust his answer to decipher the German riddle.) The Völkerball booklet's list has Engl present. If he did use it, it appears to be insular to Reise, Reise era in some way. Tech 21 is still listed as always and was not replaced. Engl doesn't get mentioned in future releases. Personally, I suspect the Engl name in the booklet might have something to do with speaker cabs.

page taken from Rammsteins's Völkerball booklet showing touring equipment brands in the credits

Gallien-Krueger & Blackstar

Another two obscure amps referenced:

Paul: "I found that I loved the little transistor amp from Gallien-Krueger which looked like a heater, and actually sounded thin. I never really got along with tubes, though. I didn't like tube amps, and very obviously they didn't like me either. Maybe I was too stupid to set up a good sound. I could have made friends with the Blackstar, but I felt too old to get completely involved all over again."

After some deep soul searching on equipboard.com about "little Heizlüfter" while pondering an entire amp maker's catalog front to back (don't do this), the most plausible candidate is the Gallien-Krueger 250ML or a related ML series model. Those look like what he's described closely and like Heizlüfter - I see his artistic vision. The other reason I settled here was "little" being a descriptive word. The GK 250ML are described as small and "lunchbox" shaped. As for "sounded thin", the 250ML fits this bill between the ones I was studying via YouTube from demos.

  • ❌ refuses to stop mentioning high gain amps
  • ❌ too old for Blackstar
  • ✅ not too old for Bogner Uberschall
  • ✅ possibly not too old for Gallien-Krueger
  • ✅ 2000 Bogner in Mutter studio (mysterious entity)
  • ✅ buying amps and doesn't think Bridget will publish this post outing him if he mentions it in some throwaway sentence

This man is an enigma over amps, truly. Because deep down, can we not say that 80% of amps look like heaters?? Are they not heatsinks anyway? But what do I know. However, this is 100% funny speculation based on Paul's imagination and descriptive words. Not facts. We're only having fun in this section! Because as for Blackstar... who the heck knows. "The Blackstar" - sir, do you mind sharing which one...?

For guitarists: playing & tone

Midrange

If I personally told you the "secret" to the Paul sound, it's this: the midrange matters way more than you think. Underneath you are hearing dark, thick, low bassist in disguise body that sounds very 'wide' or 'full'. On top you hear the overtones of metallic edge, pick scrape, and his high gain 'teeth'. A good high gain with emphasis on upper mids keeps his attack readable, so every down stroke feels firm and heavy. The compression makes it even and dense sounding but the pick attack causes his riffs to strike. If you are covering his parts, try focusing more on compression and midrange settings, specifically upper mid bite, and see if that gets any closer or better. I suggest focusing on shaping EQ/frequencies instead of seeking another magical pedal. Shape what you have.

I highly suggest grabbing a Live aus Berlin DVD's 5.1 surround, extracting the Paul track in the mix, and listening to his metallic scrape upper mids turn into a biting grindy aggressive slab. (The "do not get jump scared by Klavier kicking the PSA-1 on" challenge is impossible.) Since when did we turn a guitar into a giant serrated knife edge sonically? Since we let this man be in control of the PSA-1, apparently. After all, in Die Firma he was labeled sägezahn gitarre (lit. "sawtooth", tl. "serrated/sawing") for a reason. Sonically accurate to that serrated knife that I invented lol.

Paul really likes having clarity and definition instead of being (what I call) "fuzzy in the mix". Which the Bogner demo is a good example of somewhere distant and buried underneath crunchy high gain noise. I think Paul sounds way more clearly defined than the playthrough demo that causes all distant high gain to instead feel dense, compressed yet sharp. The core tone he's using is like gross impurities are removed from high gain while remaining defined. I jokingly say "all the bog mud was removed players usually have coating their high gain" when describing his outlook on EQ.

Sample of Live aus Berlin's Heirate mich isolated channel of his. 🚫 No bog mud!! sawtooth serrated zone only 🚫

Paul: "First of all, it depends on how you play the guitar: how you press the strings and how the pick attack is with your right hand. All of that affects the sound more than any amp could. If the riff is good, the sound is great too. A good amplifier is absolutely important but the fingers and riff are what really matter. [...] The more relaxed you are when you play, the better it sounds. If you're wound up tight and hammering away at the guitar, it quickly starts to sound frantic and thin. The energy comes from the wrist. It doesn't matter what the rest of the body is doing, there has to be peace in the hand. The same idea applies to the distortion of the amplifier: the less, the better. Because that gives more punch in the lower end of the frequency range."

Hand technique

I would say the other half of the battle is grasping his unique pick attack and hand tension. He is self-taught and developed peculiar habits in playing. In photos and live footage, Paul's palm muting appears less like a flat palm edge mute and more like a knuckle mute.

close up crop of Paul Landers' pick hand against guitar strings in a palm mute technique
An atypical guitarist in every way, even his PMs are knuckle based and less about the side of the hand.

This type of method can affect it to be firmer or more localized than a palm edge mute which is more blanketed. It all depends on his pressure used from this 'knuckle' but if he is doing what I think he's doing - it can affect his PMs to be drier or shorter sustain, or feel even more mechanical chopped. (Living up to the Rammstein "stompy riff" legacy, you feel.) Paul's pick hand often uses a smallest finger anchor where the unused fingers hover near/against the strings instead of a neutral or curled position. That suggests a mix of anchoring and pick hand string muting / damping being in regular usage. Sometimes I swear to god, I can see his unused middle/ring finger sweeping back over or touching strings he just played or is trying to mute/damp them. There's so much more at play here.

close up crop of Paul Landers' pick hand against guitar strings from various angles
This is a large size image you can save and study from. There is a visible technique.

Paul's bridge pickup focused habit and peculiar PM suggests that his tone is built around fixed high gain attack points. The EMG 81 reinforces this from a tight, high output bridge pickup that favors cut and noise control with definition. His pick hand technique then becomes unusually important as a tool to that. Rather than letting pickup selection do these jobs or hand it off to a piece of equipment, he seems to do it himself and made this work with his peculiar playing habits.

Video example

I suggest a look at this technique used strongly in Giftig from this 4K video. You can see that when he wants to resound his notes, he will pull his hand far and back off. There's some method to keeping his hand anchored. At 0:50, he has a tight hand with smallest finger anchoring. Then a change to an even tighter hand with middle/ring at 0:53 that almost appears to be touching the strings and gripped. He holds that until 1:02 when the notes shift and he backs off such a tight hand back to the small finger anchoring. Then goes back to the gripped hand by 1:05. You see now? It's by intent to certain chords.

He outright used his knuckle to mute and halt at 1:08 instead. He didn't bother to volume turn until 1:10 so he could dance around without risking hitting anything. It's not random. Another thing on display in Giftig: changing his pick location. Sometimes he's lower right on the bridge pickup, sometimes just further up from it. He repeats this whole method in the next chorus at 2:05 showing every single position - it's fully intentional. (There is a lot of business like this shown strongly in Ich will as well.)

Something about his pick hand being very close to his strings is an intentional method he keeps a tight lock on. He does this damping and anchoring thing often in many videos. This may contribute to the dry mechanical attack. Although the exact effect depends on pressure used and bridge distance in any particular song. I suggest studying YouTube videos of him playing the song you're trying to replicate. There's more than "follow the sheet music". I suspect half the uniqueness one would struggle to replicate is his personal hand tension and techniques. Then when you put him in a fast Rammstein song removing from slow abstract concepts and into practice, you can hear that unique aggression. It's being strongly emphasized by the PSA-1 or GT2's settings to bring out these qualities. However, it's not the preamp alone but also the hand. Together, the combination results in his sound. I swear by it.

Key differences between the GT2 & PL1

Some key differences are functions built around his practical live, workshopping, and studio needs when fully mixed into a band. Paul's pedal is not focused on "I am the loudest, boost me up" alone. It's very deeply focused on making itself work in a band mix and live setting. You will find numerous tools and EQ here meant for assisting playing in a group because that is his preference.

  • Feuer rebuilt by Andrew from the GT2 distortion foundation but adds Paul's specific control over EQ and feel.
  • Wasser builds from the Jazz Chorus' clean and matters in some songs (eg - Mann gegen mann, Haifisch)
  • Analog delay emulation, with the basis of the PL1 being from the MXR Carbon Copy. With tap tempo (very useful in venues) and critical in Rammstein's strict sequencer / click structures.
  • Active EQ (often called sensitive in reviews) / mid control / mid shift gives more shaping options than basic GT2 controls. He wanted control over what lets him stay defined beside others without simply becoming louder.
  • Low-cut / High-pass filter supports his practical view that uncontrolled bass mud gets cut by a good mixer to strengthen midrange. If you've never cut this out of your Rammstein rhythm guitar covers, now is the best time.
  • Onboard delay/vibrato/ambiance to cover his parts with immediate movement and space in a mix between songs without menus/settings on a separate setup.
  • Both negative and positive boosts for balancing parts or being in the whole band mix properly. He knows when he needs to step down for other instruments.
  • Direct XLR / PA / computer usage makes it easier/quicker and replicates his signal-chain reduction philosophy that wants to be repeatable and consistent.

GT2 or PL1 for covers?

The answer to this question is: "how far are you willing to go for accurate replication?" I suppose that would be how serious or regularly you're trying to replicate Rammstein's sound or music. Someone in a cover band or trying to genuinely study their music closely, would be wise to bite the bullet and get a PL1. Someone casually trying a few songs for fun, and already has a GT2 in a drawer or has purposes for other bands that use SansAmp too, can stick by it.

While aiming for the GT2 seems obvious, the PL1 has numerous accounted for factors of Rammstein's music accommodated within and more feature rich choices with EQ, optimized for his indispensable R+ trait of upper-mid aggression, Compression and Bite switches, more control than ever, etc. Look at how many knobs are on this pedal, and you'll know he likes tweaking things audible only to cats like any amp person - just another guitar religion than signal-chaining things.

The PL1 is arguably the most complete modern shortcut to replicating Paul's sound or doing cover songs with consistency, numerous available tools customized, tools for making him sit inside the full band mix properly, and many niche aspects of the songs considered. He genuinely did want the Rammstein discography to be usable from it.

However, if you already have a GT2 available (it's quite popular), you should keep in mind certain quirks, specialized midrange settings, or clean tones for specific songs you're after may not be fully replicated by itself. Have realistic expectations with it. Try fussing with British and California the most. Extra emphasis on California. Mic should be Center. Then play with Mod's Hot Wired and Hi Gain a lot. Very relevant noise coming from Hi Gain. I don't think his High knob is hardly ever below the pedal's arrow markers lol. Whenever that's higher, it's closer to him. Raising it after the gain structure can bring out the pick attack/scrape and upper mid's bite. You'll really get that "serrated edge knife" feeling. And Drive will definitely impact if you turn it gently for saturation and more compression. As I said at the start: bridge pickup emphasis for most picking placements, EMG 81. That should get you to a starting base, and go from there. Good luck and have fun.

By the way, the GT2 rack photo reveals this too. It has California selected, Mic at Center, Mod on Hi Gain. Stefan from Sound Service attributed the answer to "California/Hot Wired" and the PL1 adding stronger mids controls , but Paul's rack photo clearly is in the Hi Gain position. It may be a combination of both as I said above, but I personally have always believed in Hi Gain which made the photo vindicating.

DDR era: Vermona, Marshall, BOSS, etc

Thankfully, Paul drew me a treasure hunting map that started it all. Because you can be assured, this girl here (me) stared at the drawing and said, "...what's a Vermona???" It was impossible to be a guitarist back then and not know the word Vermona, for better or worse on that sentiment. Vermona has a modern cult following for their drum machines and graphic equalizers. Paul is not fond of DDR amps. He's criticized them as "crap" and "very bad quality, bad amps, not [good] technology".

He mentions the amp Vermona Regent 300K by name and goes on to describe the DDR distortion pedal soundscape.

a photo of a Vermona Regent 300K amplifier from the GDR
The Vermona Regent 300K amp.

Paul: "I built myself a "Trick-Verzerrer"-style distortion box that could also handle some seriously powerful amps like the [Vermona] Regent 300K. It was a high end piece of equipment but it sounded like crap."

Source: Mix mir einen Drink: Feeling B - Punk im Osten, 1st ed. (2002), page 86

Trick-Verzerrer is a specific allusion to a DDR era pedal and untranslatable. As it's more like a name akin to "distortion tricks/effects" in a generic way. He is saying he tried to create a distortion/fuzz effect associated with the brand Böhm + Klingenthal. Modern guitarists replicated this old pedal and it is strongly associated to the DDR. Described as: "East Germany's only distortion effect, the Bohm Trickverzerrer, using original old stock transistors and diodes. Originally produced in the 1960s and 70s, the Bohm Trickverzerrer is a somewhat abrasive and characterful distortion pedal."

I wholeheartedly 10000% believe you need to HEAR this demonstrated. This man is insane about pedals and thin, shrill, distortion in all the best ways. FYI: turn your volume down! If his creation sounded anything like this; oh my god. This is the best/worst thing I've ever heard. Certainly... unique.

Demonstration of a Trickverzerrer replica pedal.

I'm not shocked he is unable to co-exist with amps. From his very first attempt to make a guitar pedal in his own vision and play electric, he's on another path than any traditional sound from the 70s before him. And trying to do it right on the cusp of the take off of the high distortion abrasive feedback era sound in the mid-80s in a volatile rock scene rapidly splintering genre and launching metal. Everything he wants to do and likes, is better suited to solid-state/direct devices with better frequency / high gain control with tons of mids shaping. He seems to reject slowness and tube bloom from amps... these tube amp devices were never fully compatible with his vision of what a guitar should be from the start.

Paul Landers and Aljoscha Rompe of Feeling B at a live show with a Marshall amp in the background

In the early reunification era, his main amp of choice appears to be a British classic: Marshall JCM800 family. I haven't quite pinned the model down, but most likely based on grainy footage right now is 2203 or 2204. He uses it repeatedly between 1990-1993 era Feeling B in both concert and studio, and likely is his default amp of choice.

Breaking down the Feeling B amp sketch

Based on what is drawn, we're looking at a multi-amp/cab setup in two variants. According to Flake (2007, Grün & Blau book version), this was used for the recording of some Feeling B songs. After studying the sketches, I realized I can identify parts with good educated guesses.

Hand drawn technical guitar equipment setup diagram attributed to Paul Landers showing Sound City, Marshall, and Vermona amps with a simple pedal chain 1 2 3 4 5 6
Numbers correspond to the notes, you can click the numbers.

1 Left amp: "Sound City"

This brand has connections to Vermona because some supposed SC models are repackaged Vermona products. Most SC have the logo in the upper right. He thinks it's the bottom left and rft-hifigeraete.de makes note of Vermona / SC ones having changed faceplates. For example, here is a rare Vermona product with Sound City on the external faceplate on the upper left and not lower. Similar to Paul's drawing idea being left side. I believe the "Sound City" logo Vermona products are the rarest to be photographed. There's almost nothing of them online but model numbers.

vague Sound City-like amp on a Feeling B concert stage

After closely scrutinizing stage photos, I believe this amp may be a part of the DDR "Sound City" mysteries or similar to what he tried to draw. It has many of the SC design principles that were strongly imitated, but it's oddly bootleg-like. It has too many knobs...

Some design mirrors to the SC-120 family are:

  • three tiny black input area for cables furthest left
  • then a row of knobs, white instead of black
  • long, rectangle box design concept

2 Center amp: unknown Vermona

The Vermona here is unknown due to vagueness, but any Regent model that is a VCR-like box shape would cover potential matches. (Some are square box and unrelated visually.) I wondered if it's the same one as pictured on the variant two drawing. Due to a less detailed drawing, it's unfortunately not clear enough to know.

crop of Paul's handwriting showing BASS A 100 Watt Vermona

His notes "BASS A 100 Watt Vermona" may explain what the middle object is supposed to be as well, further muddying the answers. It's unclear what "BASSA" or "BASS A" is in particular. One worry is that it's shorthand for "Bassanlage" (bass system/rig). Or the alternative: "Bass Amp". Vermona does have 100 watt bass amp variant products of Regent models. I can't be certain.

3 Right amp: Marshall

He has a Marshall amp that is visually close to the popular JCM800 family, probable 2203/2204 atop speakers labeled with another word nearby that I guess is "Schalle". An acoustics/sound related term. Unknown why he wrote it.

4 Bottom pedal: unresolved scrawl

The pedal at the bottom is his cursive scrawl that drives me crazy. (His capitals and print? Beautiful. His cursive? Nightmare.) Even now, typing this post, I caught myself obsessed all over again. It has like "S" and then... who knows. The pedal structure screams "it's probably a BOSS product".

close crop of Paul's sketch of a BOSS pedal with unknown text label

I have been through every BOSS product from this era and nothing comes anywhere close except a bunch of pedals that start with "Super". Your guess is as good as mine.

5 Variant two: Vermona Regent mixer-amplifier

It's either a Vermona Regent 620/1020 family amp atop speakers. Those models are the same externally and only differ electronically according to the manual. He drew so many details of the buttons and jacks, I could get a whole model number. Great work!

close up of the top of a Vermona Regent 620 showing rows of sliders and knobs

I wonder if I showed him a photo of this chunky box, if he'd cringe and laugh at it? I find old stuff like this charming. If there's anything I liked about them from my research, it's how physical the sliders and buttons are. They just don't make equipment this touch-feel anymore.

6 Pedal chain: BOSS

They're BOSS pedals specifically: Distortion, Overdrive, and Chorus. The knobs he drew in, align with their products perfectly. He even detailed that Chorus is a straight row...

close up of Paul's foot on grass near cables and a BOSS pedal
In old grainy flüstern & SCHREIEN footage, by his foot lies the BOSS SD-1 Overdrive with faint text.

As for his pedal chaining skills, he absolutely knows what he's doing. These labels are trying to explain frequency roles in his native language than BOSS' vague English.

  • Tief (distortion) = "deep/lower" for deep and bass heavy
  • Hell (overdrive) = "bright/light" lighter, sharper, or treble bright
  • Chorus = modulation after dirt

BOSS' modern documentation expands on the chain structure. It's a deliberate choice. The tief and hell pedals are basic paired foundations for tone. He picked Chorus for modulation.

Distortion sits in the same place as an overdrive in the signal chain. It should be one of the first to receive the guitar’s raw signal. [...] A distortion can enhance and define all of the effects that follow it. [...] Think of it as the base upon which to build other sounds. [...] When positioned later in the signal path, distortion can muddy any time-based or modulation effects. These should remain as clean and pure as possible to function at their fullest.

To stand out in the mix, accentuate a modulation effect by placing it after the drive section. Aggressive pedals will push the signal waveform hard and let modulation units deal with extreme harmonic content, creating exciting results.

Other 1980's equipment finds

photo of Paul Landers in the mid-1980s with an Iris DDR guitar near a Vermona Regent mixer-amplifier
In this photo is a probable Vermona Regent 660/1060 family model mixer-amplifier. It's atop speakers properly, so it feels likely to be this model. The design principles align with Vermona very strongly.
Feeling B era photo of Paul Landers and Flake Lorenz in 1987 outside playing instruments with visible amps nearby
Paul appears to be playing a Yamaha JX series rather than DDR made equipment. The exact model is unclear, but the logo, compact shape, and button layout resemble the JX35 and JX50 family of amps.

Gear myths & FAQ

Research standards

What counts as confirmed Paul gear on this site? What are your standards?

I only acknowledge information from primary and secondary sources. No others allowed. If I cannot find where the fandom made it up from, I won't use it.

  • Tier 1: Paul saying it verbally in audio/text.
  • Tier 1.5: The brand itself mentioning him in official sources.
  • Tier 2: Official Rammstein booklets and liner notes.
  • Tier 3: Visual confirmations from photographs and concert screenshots.
  • Tier 4: Guitarist publications and magazines with a healthy dose of skepticism if it contradicts tier 1-3.

My research is not trying to prove that Paul never touched any piece of equipment or has never heard of a specific brand. I'm not trying to say he doesn't have a room filled with stuff he purchased and sits at home. All guitarists buy electronic clutter. I'm defining whether there is sufficient evidence to present that equipment publicly as "Paul Landers' gear he uses regularly for a career".

Why are so many online gear lists inaccurate or outdated?

Your question is the answer: they're outdated and not maintained. From all evidence surviving, they stopped being maintained by any fansite since late 2009 or early 2010. Nobody has checked, edited, corrected, or done anything about it. That's the harsh truth. Even though Paul has finalized his Gibson Signature LP over a decade ago, many fansites do not list the guitar. Despite there being a huge focus on Tech 21 in 2018, fansites don't mention the GT2. Literally nobody mentions the Fractal Axe units. Why? They stopped being maintained; just update their news feed and do nothing else. The Rammstein fandom is stagnant online and languishing from past misinformation uncorrected.

As for why they're inaccurate: this is caused by copies between people on forums who don't know anything about guitars, treating liner notes as applicable to anyone, and forum speculation being trusted blindly. I would say most errors are caused by people who do not play guitars editing guitar info.

Why does putting dates on equipment matter? Why did you source/list every Tech 21 year mention?

Because musicians generally do not radically equipment hop every album to reset their entire sound. But usually have gradual changes across their careers that mark eras of tone preferences. This Tech 21 base is his principle that refuses to change. If you are genuinely seeking to understand him, this is what a real guitarist wants to grasp. They do not want to see a list of random crap Paul mentioned in passing.

They want to know the base tone principle and core the player gravitated to career long. Then ask if this changed, when, and how. Guitarists know why I did it and thank me. It's what they wanted from an equipment page. Paul doesn't have any deviation other than pre/post DDR. His jump from Marshall to Tech 21's California isn't insane - it's pretty logical. And it's why I included the DDR context side by side to show his genuine shift and his roots for non-DDR guitarists who have never heard of Vermona or hadn't seen the Marshall before.

Gear claims & practical questions

There's a gap in 2001-2002 and 2009-2011 for tour rigs. Do you know them?

There are no Mutter era rack images known to me. However, based on his behaviors before/after in 90s and 2004-2005, there's no reason to suspect the PSA-1 similar setup wasn't used. The MIDI controller suggests it's still the PSA-1. The usage of a 2001 Gibson LP test run (see: the guitar list) further indicates he is using the PSA-1 and is trying to integrate Gibson to match the established Music Man setup.

As for the LIFAD tour, yes this is a troublesome transition moment with him - I agree. I haven't seen any backstage images. Even the official LIFAD tour photobook doesn't reveal anything in his photos. He has the GT2 by 2008 and he did not have the Axe-Fx II until 2011. (That's when the device released.) Tech 21 is inside the In Amerika liner notes but I don't know if it's PSA-1 still or the first GT2 usage. I have listened to his 5.1 audio channel, and it just sounds like "Tech 21 California noise" to me. I do feel it's bass-ier and slightly different. This may just be the new Gibson Signature LP debut instead of anything to do with the preamp. There's simply too many variable factors right at LIFAD to determine anything without a photo or insinuation in an interview.

Did he formally use the Engl Powerball live in his rig?

This is unknown information. The Völkerball booklet's company credits list has Engl present and doesn't appear to be associated to Richard in the past or future. Tech 21 is still listed as always and was not replaced. Engl doesn't get mentioned in future releases. I personally suspect it is related to speaker cabs, but we do not really know.

photo of Völkerball liner notes
Some guy in 2005 claimed he used a 80% Engl and 20% SansAmp "blend". Is this true at all?

I would love to know if this forum poster licked the cables to get these percentages. His assertions are two different concepts.

1) Paul visibly appeared with Engl Powerball in the Keine Lust video. That's it. We have no proof he used it live. It appeared in a music video. Not a studio photo.

2) In 2001 (!!!) Richard proclaimed he personally (NOT PAUL) used an 80% Mesa/Boogie and 20% SansAmp blend. Some dude conflated Paul with this and then made up something about the Engl. So, yeah... don't trust everything you see online, kids.

screenshot of 2001 interview with Richard Kruspe discussing equipment
The other fansite made claims about "Mesa/Boogie Dual Rectifiers". Can you explain?

This is equipment accredited officially to Richard Kruspe.

Rammstein best of compilation Made in Germany's liner notes

So the claim of "Dual Rectifiers" or "Dual Rectifiers Pre 500" is misattributed. Richard's claim in a 2007 Metal Hammer article is the origin of this confusion. All he said was: "Paul und ich spielen sehr ähnlich, zumal auch der Sound bei uns fast deckungsgleich ist, weil wir beide im Studio mit Mesa Boogie-Rectifier arbeiten."

2007 Metal Hammer interview snippet with Richard Kruspe

Based solely on current credible documentation:

  • Paul doesn't appear to use Mesa/Boogie Rectifiers live or in his rack.
  • He has used it in the STUDIO according solely to Richard and this was stated regarding pre-2007 era. It is unclear if it only applies to Reise, Reise / Rosenrot.
  • Richard said "working with" and NOT "Paul recorded everything and every part with it ever" by the way. Much in the same way he dabbled with the PSA-1 for frequencies he cannot get - Paul can do a similar technique borrowing small amounts of frequencies.
  • Has never been directly associated with "Dual Rectifiers" or the "Pre 500" serial numbers. Those are not the words Richard used.
  • No interviews I currently have possession or digital copies of had Paul mention this.

Richard said in that quote (most likely referring to 2003/05 sessions) that he couldn't tell the full difference between his and Paul's tracks being layered in the mixes because they were using Mesa Rectifiers in the studio. Studio =/= live rigs and the quicker the fandom learns the difference, the better. No guitarist will lug their entire studio logic to a concert and a studio affords a ton of luxury choices. In fact, in 2001 Paul states their live show guitar sounds are very complicated for the mixer. If you pay attention to R+ proshot audio, you can tell they don't really sound perfectly matching to the CDs. There's very good reasons why!

Can you explain the "Mesa Stereo Simul-Class 2:90" claim?

No, I cannot. I have found no evidence or source for this in any capacity. If someone knows the origin, get in touch with me immediately please. Logically speaking, the confirmed usage Mesa Strategy 500 does everything this piece of equipment does. They're both poweramps and that makes both of them inside one rig weird/redundant. But... if he used it separately or to replace the 500? Now we're talking! The earliest trace I found was 2002 with no source.

What is the "Rath Amp" claim?

It originates from the album Sehnsucht's liner notes. It does not say Paul used this specifically, nor what this brand or company provided from their products to anyone. Richard exists and brand listings sometimes are related to studio audio equipment.

Did Paul use Dean Markley strings?

In 1999, he answered that he used them on the official Rammstein website Q&A session. He did not specify the gauge. It was said in late 1999 and would have applied to the old Music Man Axis guitars. The future afterward is not known. If you have any further info, please contact me.

Why does Richard share every piece of equipment or do endorsements but Paul refuses to explain?

Because they're not the same person with the same personality and outlook on the instrument. There is no obligated method to use the guitar or create tones a certain way. Paul's method and philosophy is as valid as any other player ever and doesn't need to be compared to everyone else. Hope this helps.

If I'm completely honest, it's not Paul's belief in music philosophy to encourage people to imitate everything. Part of this is because, you should learn for yourself instead of copying him because he's the Rammstein guy. He speaks strongly about individuality, uniqueness, reason for music to exist, and he has this stubborn "if everyone does that, I do the opposite" streak.

He has revealed the minimums of his career if you want to imitate him by saying Tech 21. All you need to grasp is PSA-1 and GT2. The GT2 reveal narrowed him down to three choices. If you use logic, you'll know British and California are the only real options. By understanding he's a metal guitarist, logically selecting Hi Gain on the pedal would be correct to gravitate to by gut instinct. Why don't you try experimenting from there and finding yourself instead? I'm sure it's what he'd say.

I think he wants you to figure it out for yourself to experiment or find something that was like him, but imperfect and your own creation. And if you really feel so strongly - he gave you the PL1 Fly Rig.

A single Tech 21 box cannot be responsible for all tonal shaping and EQ I hear in this live recording?

Now you're asking the real questions! Congratulations. Paul is very interested in EQ shaping equipment that either is before/after the Tech 21 device. During Ahoi tour, he utilized TC Electronics G-Force. What he uses in modern times, is anyone's guess. Surely it's something, but that electronic box of something isn't known by name.

During live shows, he likely has other shaping/EQ at play that is helping the Tech 21 or Fractal product along for a huge live production show's sound quality outside of a controlled studio. This exact equipment is unknown and are the real questions we should be after. Paul put all of his deep cut, well informed opinions on what good EQ is and should be into the PL1 Fly Rig collaboration with Tech 21 for every knob and press-able button. He specifically wanted to improve on EQ controls available that suits his tastes as his main addition and was the immediate flaw he felt the GT2 held. So... if it matters to you that much - go find the effects pedal.

What bands or influences has Paul mentioned? I read your PSA-1 / GT2 settings and...

Many times in the 90s the band were asked what they liked and Paul always supplied answers: Metallica, Pantera, Ministry, and Prodigy. He is the band member, along with Schneider, who repeatedly said Pantera and said it was "what he liked". In May 2012, Metal Hammer made the editorial addition of saying "Metallica, Pantera, Slipknot" when mentioning his favorite guitar sounds.

The comparison you're thinking of is simply the Mesa/Boogie amp family emulated by the PSA-1 and GT2 having a recognizable character. (Trust me, anyone who knows that amp family can hear it immediately.) Paul has repeatedly emphasized originality and stressed that all six have variable tastes. And that such eclectic differences between them is a strength and probably shouldn't work, but it does. As for himself, he doesn't stick to any genre and likes anything that appeals or is what he deems unique. He repeatedly insists that influences are too broad and each member is too different. My fave moment over this was: "everything influences you, or nothing does."

What's his modern pickups or strings information?

This can be understood from the official Gibson Signature Les Paul product page. Bridge pickup EMG 81. Neck pickup EMG 60. His strings are Gibson and labeled .010-.046.

What's the origin of his clean tones?

Roland Jazz Chorus 120. The giant black box atop the silver rack to the left is his JC-120.

You have the liner notes... can you share the photos?

Sure.

Rammstein Liebe ist für alle da liner notesRammstein Völkerball liner notesRammstein In Amerika liner notesRammstein Made in Germany liner notesRammstein Untitled album liner notesRammstein Zeit liner notes

Questions for the researcher fangirl extraordinaire

You seem to know what you're talking about. Can I ask you more questions?

I've basically put what I know here. Anything I say would be me repeating it a second time, but longer. If you have extremely specific niche questions, I might be able to help. Or have some other fansite claim you want me to fact check or help with.

But vague questions? Or me telling you exact knob positions? No. Please take the Paul philosophy and learn for yourself to be your own unique player. I've already handed you the keys. It's up to you to use them.

You entered the gear abyss and came out the other side... you okay?

The words tonal shaping, poweramp, and signal-chain are permanent parts of my vocabulary now. My targeted advertisements online are filled with guitar electronics. My YouTube recommendations are chaos. I unironically know what tremolo picking glissando is. (Deep 1996 Fleisch related lore.) I haven't closed 10 tabs to European musician forums in six months. I've legitimately studied the PSA-1 manual. I plugged my PL1 into my Axis and turned the knobs for several hours. I'm fine.

References consulted

Footnotes are used for direct interview quotes and specific claims about Tech 21 equipment. The additional references below were consulted for equipment identification, visual comparison, and DDR amplifier context. These are not all direct sources for Paul's personal use.

Tech 21 sources & other footnotes

    DDR era amplifier & other electronics references

    Image & diagram notes

    • Paul's multi-amp/cab sketch from Flake's Grün & blau CD/book was treated as a research "map". Not as a complete technical schematic. Paul is drawing things for his own mind's notes - not thinking he was documenting amp history...
    • Model identifications in the DDR section are based on visible layout, approximate time period era availability, and comparison with catalog references to these brands.
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